Mihály A
Z Mikrosk Anat Forsch. 1980;94(5):774-84.
The enzyme acid phosphatase (orthophosphoric monoester phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1 3.2), often referred to as "non-specific acid phosphomonoesterase" because of histochemical and biochemical polymorphisms and ubiquity, is one of the most thoroughly studied enzyme in mammalian tissues. The aim of the present work was to outline the functional characteristics of this enzyme by extrapolating the results of light microscopic investigations. A diffuse intracytoplasmic acid phosphatase activity was detected in the epinephrine-producing cells of the adrenal medulla. Various forms of lysosomes were observed to exert acid phosphatase activity in bronchial and bronchiolar epithelia, hepatocytes, Kupffer cells and in the walls of brain vessels. Pseudounipolar ganglion cells and certain neurons of the medulla oblongata were found to contain acid phosphatase in intracellular membrane systems. Biochemically, acid phosphatase consists of more than four isozymes each of them possessing antigenically diverse molecular forms suggesting molecular polymorphism. Histochemical and biochemical polymorphisms of acid phosphatase are considered to be due to the accommodation to the pleomorphic appearance of a sole chemical bond.
酸性磷酸酶（正磷酸单酯磷酸水解酶，EC 3.1 3.2），由于其组织化学和生化多态性以及广泛存在，常被称为“非特异性酸性磷酸单酯酶”，是哺乳动物组织中研究最为深入的酶之一。本研究的目的是通过推断光学显微镜检查的结果来概述该酶的功能特性。在肾上腺髓质的肾上腺素生成细胞中检测到弥漫性胞质内酸性磷酸酶活性。在支气管和细支气管上皮细胞、肝细胞、库普弗细胞以及脑血管壁中观察到各种形式的溶酶体具有酸性磷酸酶活性。发现假单极神经节细胞和延髓的某些神经元在细胞内膜系统中含有酸性磷酸酶。在生化方面，酸性磷酸酶由四种以上的同工酶组成，每种同工酶都具有抗原性不同的分子形式，表明存在分子多态性。酸性磷酸酶的组织化学和生化多态性被认为是由于对单一化学键多形性外观的适应性所致。
