Pituitary function in patients with enlarged sella turcica and primary empty sella syndrome.

The pituitary function in 20 patients with primary empty sella syndrome has been evaluated. The only endocrine symptom was secondary amenorrhoea in four patients. In half of the patients, pituitary function tests showed minor abnormalities, the most common being impaired growth hormone response to glucagon. In addition to the empty sella, other intracranial abnormalities such as pituitary tumour and hydrocephalus were found in four patients. Although commonly a benign condition, the empty sella may occasionally be associated with clinically important endocrine dysfunction, pituitary tumours and other intracranial abnormalities.