Urogranoic acid as a radiopaque additive to the cyanoacrylic adhesive in transcatheter obliteration of renal arteries.

The purpose of the investigation was to study the application of radiopaque materials to the tissue adhesive base of the ester of n-butylic-alpha-cyanoacrylic acid for use in direct transcatheter renal artery obliteration. Lipiodol Ultra-fluid (Ethiodol) and urogranoic acid in quantities of 30--55% by weight of the adhesive were used as the radiopaque agents. The study was performed on seven dogs; obliterative material was administered through a telescopic, coaxial catheter system. Two dogs treated with the Lipiodol adhesive material died, which confirmed the inefficacy of Lipiodol for this purpose. In the other five dogs, treated by adding urogranoic acid to the adhesive, complete and permanent occlusion occurred and the adhesive remained radiopaque for 60--90 days. One of these dogs died of canine distemper infection. The complication of unpredictable embolization of the femoral artery appeared in a second dog. The same material has been used in two cases of nonoperative hypernephroma in humans. Permanent occlusion of the renal artery and elimination of hematuria were achieved. The obliterative material was sufficiently opaque for radiographic visualization.