Sillau A H, Aquin L, Lechner A J, Bui M V, Banchero N
Respir Physiol. 1980 Dec;42(3):233-45. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(80)90117-6.
The ATPase technique was used to visualize blood capillaries and to study fiber composition in 10-micrometer transverse sections of guinea pig gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. A control group of newborn, weanling, juvenile and adult male guinea pigs (GP) (BW = 89-1274 g) was studied in a 20-24 degrees C environment (22 degrees C GP) while 2-3 week old animals were exposed continuously to 5 degrees C for 2-18 weeks before sacrifice (5 degrees C GP) (BW = 239-1074 g). Body weight gain was not affected by cold exposure; however, the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of the 5 degrees C GP grew at a slower rate than did the muscles of the 22 degrees C GP. The equations relating fiber cross sectional area (FCSA) and muscle weight (MW) were not different between the 22 degrees C GP and 5 degrees C GP for the soleus and gastrocnemius. Therefore, in both muscles at the same BW, FCSA was smaller in the 5 degrees C GP than in the 22 degrees C GP. In both of the two muscles of each group, capillary density (CD) decreased hyperbolically with increasing FCSA, while the capillary to fiber ratio (C/F) and the average number of capillaries around each fiber (CAF) increased linearly with increasing FCSA. The regression lines for CD, C/F and CAF versus FCSA for both muscles were parallel between groups, but at any FDSA, the CD, C/F and CAF were greater in the 5 degrees C GP than in the 22 degrees C GP. Percent fiber composition of the gastrocnemii of the 22 degrees C GP and 5 degrees C GP were not different; however, at the same FCSA each fiber type had a greater capillary supply in the 5 degrees C GP. The increased capillarity in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of the 5 degrees C GP suggests an improved capacity for oxygenation, a response which would correlate well with the increased oxygen utilization during prolonged cold exposure.
采用ATP酶技术观察豚鼠腓肠肌和比目鱼肌10微米横切面上的毛细血管并研究纤维组成。选取新生、断奶、幼年和成年雄性豚鼠作为对照组（体重89 - 1274克），在20 - 24摄氏度环境中饲养（22摄氏度豚鼠组），而2 - 3周龄的动物在处死前连续2 - 18周暴露于5摄氏度环境（5摄氏度豚鼠组）（体重239 - 1074克）。冷暴露不影响体重增加；然而，5摄氏度豚鼠组的腓肠肌和比目鱼肌生长速度比22摄氏度豚鼠组的肌肉慢。比目鱼肌和腓肠肌在22摄氏度豚鼠组和5摄氏度豚鼠组之间，纤维横截面积（FCSA）与肌肉重量（MW）的关系方程并无差异。因此，在相同体重下，5摄氏度豚鼠组的两块肌肉中FCSA均小于22摄氏度豚鼠组。每组的两块肌肉中，毛细血管密度（CD）均随FCSA增加呈双曲线下降，而毛细血管与纤维比值（C/F）以及每根纤维周围的毛细血管平均数量（CAF）随FCSA增加呈线性增加。两组肌肉中CD、C/F和CAF相对于FCSA的回归线相互平行，但在任何FDSA时，5摄氏度豚鼠组的CD、C/F和CAF均高于22摄氏度豚鼠组。22摄氏度豚鼠组和5摄氏度豚鼠组腓肠肌的纤维组成百分比并无差异；然而，在相同FCSA时，5摄氏度豚鼠组每种纤维类型的毛细血管供应更多。5摄氏度豚鼠组腓肠肌和比目鱼肌中毛细血管增多表明其氧合能力增强，这一反应与长时间冷暴露期间氧利用增加密切相关。
