Joo C H, Allan R, Drust B, Close G L, Jeong T S, Bartlett J D, Mawhinney C, Louhelainen J, Morton J P, Gregson Warren
Football Exchange, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Tom Reilly Building, Byrom St Campus, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
Honam University, Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju, South Korea.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2016 Dec;116(11-12):2315-2326. doi: 10.1007/s00421-016-3480-1. Epub 2016 Oct 3.
We tested the hypothesis that both post-exercise and passive cold water immersion (CWI) increases PGC-1α and VEGF mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle.
Study 1 Nine males completed an intermittent running protocol (8 × 3-min bouts at 90 % [Formula: see text], interspersed with 3-min active recovery (1.5-min at 25 % and 1.5-min at 50 % [Formula: see text]) before undergoing CWI (10 min at 8 °C) or seated rest (CONT) in a counterbalanced, randomised manner. Study 2 Ten males underwent an identical CWI protocol under passive conditions.
Study 1 PGC-1α mRNA increased in CONT (3.4-fold; P < 0.001) and CWI (5.9-fold; P < 0.001) at 3 h post-exercise with a greater increase observed in CWI (P < 0.001). VEGFtotal mRNA increased after CWI only (2.4-fold) compared with CONT (1.1-fold) at 3 h post-exercise (P < 0.01). Study 2 Following CWI, PGC-1α mRNA expression was significantly increased ~1.3-fold (P = 0.001) and 1.4-fold (P = 0.0004) at 3 and 6 h, respectively. Similarly, VEGF165 mRNA was significantly increased in CWI ~1.9-fold (P = 0.03) and 2.2-fold (P = 0.009) at 3 and 6 h post-immersion.
Data confirm post-exercise CWI augments the acute exercise-induced expression of PGC-1α mRNA in human skeletal muscle compared to exercise per se. Additionally CWI per se mediates the activation of PGC-1α and VEGF mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle. Cold water may therefore enhance the adaptive response to acute exercise.
我们验证了这样一个假设，即运动后和被动冷水浸泡（CWI）均可增加人体骨骼肌中PGC-1α和VEGF mRNA的表达。
研究1 九名男性完成了一项间歇跑步方案（8次3分钟的运动，强度为90%[公式：见原文]，中间穿插3分钟的主动恢复（25%强度运动1.5分钟，50%强度运动1.5分钟[公式：见原文]），之后以平衡、随机的方式接受CWI（8°C下10分钟）或坐着休息（CONT）。研究2 十名男性在被动条件下接受相同的CWI方案。
研究1 运动后3小时，CONT组（约3.4倍；P<0.001）和CWI组（约5.9倍；P<0.001）的PGC-1α mRNA均增加，CWI组增加幅度更大（P<0.001）。运动后3小时，与CONT组（约1.1倍）相比，仅CWI组的VEGFtotal mRNA增加（约2.4倍）（P<0.01）。研究2 CWI后，PGC-1α mRNA表达在3小时和6小时分别显著增加约1.3倍（P=0.001）和1.4倍（P=0.0004）。同样，浸泡后3小时和6小时，CWI组的VEGF165 mRNA分别显著增加约1.9倍（P=0.03）和2.2倍（P=0.009）。
数据证实，与单纯运动相比，运动后CWI可增强人体骨骼肌中急性运动诱导的PGC-1α mRNA表达。此外，CWI本身可介导人体骨骼肌中PGC-1α和VEGF mRNA表达的激活。因此，冷水可能会增强对急性运动的适应性反应。
