Young J F, Holson J F
J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1978 Sep-Oct;2(1):169-86.
Key terms such as pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, time course-concentration, and dosimetry and how they apply to predictive toxicology are defined and differentiated. The importance of utilizing pharmacokinetic techniques in teratology and developmental toxicology are discussed from the viewpoints that (1) agent's access to target tissue is modulated by the placenta, (2) interspecies sensitivities differ, (3) dose-response curves are steep, and (4) dosimetry information improves the validity of regulatory standards. We review the teratology literature where attempts were made to correlate embryonal/fetal exposure to teratogenic endpoints. The strengths and weaknesses of these papers are discussed as well as our suggested changes in their protocols, which would have improved interspecies extrapolation.
定义并区分了药代动力学、药效学、时程-浓度以及剂量学等关键术语，及其在预测毒理学中的应用。从以下几个观点讨论了在致畸学和发育毒理学中运用药代动力学技术的重要性：（1）胎盘调节药物进入靶组织；（2）种间敏感性不同；（3）剂量-反应曲线陡峭；（4）剂量学信息提高了监管标准的有效性。我们回顾了致畸学文献，其中尝试将胚胎/胎儿暴露与致畸终点相关联。讨论了这些论文的优缺点以及我们对其方案的建议性更改，这些更改将改善种间外推。
