Community integration of mentally retarded adults: community placement and program success.

The extent of community and program success of 166 mentally retarded clients placed into a community-based program was evaluated over a 9-year period. Twenty predictor variables measuring institutional factors, client characteristics, training variables, and community characteristics were related to community or program success. Successful community placement was associated with sensorimotor and work skills, appropriate social-emotional behavior, gender, and family acceptance of community placement and involvement with the interdisciplinary team process. Program success was associated with language and psychomotor skills, education received prior to community placement, community and institution size, and family involvement. Sixteen percent of the clients were reinstitutionalized into either the state mental retardation facility or a mental health facility. Factors associated with successful placement and program progression were discussed as was a model for future deinstitutionalization research.