Golden M
J Clin Psychol. 1981 Apr;37(2):253-62. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198104)37:2<253::aid-jclp2270370206>3.0.co;2-y.
Described the development and evaluation of a measure of cognitive belief systems and thinking styles within the context of assertion. The Cognition Scale of Assertiveness comprises eight items and is scored on a 7-point (disagree-agree) scale. In a series of studies, normative, reliability, and validity data were obtained for junior college, university, and nonstudent samples (N = 482). Reliability and validity results were poor for junior college students, but impressive data obtained for university and nonstudent populations. Further, cognition scores for these latter two groups discriminated high vs. low social anxiety, a factor often linked to assertion. Finally, the instrument was sensitive to change via assertion training. Overall, the present findings recommend the use of the Cognition Scale of Assertiveness as a reliable and valid measure of cognitive assertion for university students and for nonstudent samples.
描述了在断言背景下认知信念系统和思维方式测量方法的开发与评估。断言认知量表包含八个项目，采用7分制（不同意 - 同意）评分。在一系列研究中，获取了大专、大学和非学生样本（N = 482）的常模、信度和效度数据。大专学生的信度和效度结果较差，但大学和非学生群体的数据令人印象深刻。此外，后两组的认知得分区分了高社交焦虑和低社交焦虑，社交焦虑是一个常与断言相关的因素。最后，该工具对通过断言训练产生的变化很敏感。总体而言，目前的研究结果建议将断言认知量表用作大学生和非学生样本认知断言的可靠且有效的测量工具。
