Pavel M, Iverson G J
J Acoust Soc Am. 1981 Apr;69(4):1126-31. doi: 10.1121/1.385692.
The loudness of a tone in a noisy background increases very rapidly above its threshold with increasing intensity of the tone. The particular curve describing loudness growth as measured by a loudness matching paradigm depends on the level of the background noise. We introduce the hypothesis that an increment in masking noise induces a shift of the loudness matching curve in a diagonal direction (the matching curve being plotted in conventional log--log coordinates). This shift invariance is shown here to hold empirically for individual subjects within a monaural loudness matching task, based on a 2IFC paradigm using 1000-Hz tones and a wide band Gaussian noise. Shift invariance places considerable restrictions on models feasible for such data. In conjunction with a very general class of models involving the notion of gain control, the shift invariance property determines all parametric forms possible for the loudness matching functions. The fit of such parametric expressions to the data reported here yields very satisfying results. The resulting model is also found to be consistent with relevant results in the literature.
在嘈杂背景中，音调的响度会随着音调强度的增加而迅速高于其阈值。通过响度匹配范式测量得出的描述响度增长的特定曲线取决于背景噪声的水平。我们提出一个假设，即掩蔽噪声的增加会导致响度匹配曲线在对角线方向上发生偏移（匹配曲线以传统的对数-对数坐标绘制）。基于使用1000赫兹音调的双间隔迫选范式和宽带高斯噪声的单耳响度匹配任务，在此证明这种偏移不变性在个体受试者中经验性地成立。偏移不变性对适用于此类数据的模型施加了相当大的限制。结合一类非常普遍的涉及增益控制概念的模型，偏移不变性属性确定了响度匹配函数所有可能的参数形式。将此类参数表达式拟合到此处报告的数据中产生了非常令人满意的结果。还发现所得模型与文献中的相关结果一致。
