Böning J
Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg). 1981 Mar;60(3):101-3.
Unstructured and structured, elementary tinnitus or achoasms are regarded as symptoms of various origins and individual processing of experience even in psychiatric diseases. In the context of a multidimensional causal structure for disturbances of acoustic perception, the lesion and compensatory capacity of the sensory system, primary personality structure, strategy for psychodynamic conflict resolution and above all the constitutionally determined or acquired biological structure of the central nervous system decide on what becomes subjective experience from the objective reduction of auditory function and what is observed as clinically as tinnitus. Besides psychopathological and neuropsychological aspects, the clinics of tinnitus is touched on an acoustic hallucinosis of the hard of hearing is illustrated by reference to a case history and its pathogenesis is discussed.
无论是非结构化还是结构化的，原发性耳鸣或听觉缺失都被视为各种起源以及即使在精神疾病中经验的个体处理的症状。在听觉感知障碍的多维因果结构背景下，感觉系统的损伤和代偿能力、主要人格结构、心理动力冲突解决策略，尤其是中枢神经系统的体质决定或后天获得的生物学结构，决定了从听觉功能的客观减退中产生的主观体验是什么，以及临床上观察到的耳鸣是什么。除了心理病理学和神经心理学方面，还涉及耳鸣临床，通过一个病例史举例说明听力障碍的幻听，并讨论其发病机制。
