Sinclair J D, Lindros K O
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1981 Mar;14(3):377-83. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(81)90405-6.
Calcium cyanamide, an aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) inhibitor used in the treatment of alcoholism, strongly suppressed voluntary ethanol drinking by rats. Such inhibitors have generally been believed to act primarily by limiting drinking through acetaldehyde accumulation after ethanol consumption. Administration of a low dose of 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP) that abolished acetaldehyde accumulation did not, however, remove the suppression produced by cyanamide. 4-MP alone did not affect the unsuppressed alcohol intake by Long Evans rats or the drinking by rats of the ANA strain developed for low levels of ethanol consumption. When given from the start with cyanamide, 4-MP did affect the development of the suppression, but probably by its effect in lessening the degree of brain ALDH inhibition: a high correlation (r = +0.825, p less than 0.001) was found between brain ALDH activity and ethanol consumption. The results suggest that cyanamide suppresses alcohol drinking also in the absence of acetaldehyde accumulation probably by some action related to its direct inhibition of brain ALDH.
氰胺化钙是一种用于治疗酒精中毒的醛脱氢酶（ALDH）抑制剂，它能强烈抑制大鼠的自愿乙醇摄入。人们普遍认为，这类抑制剂主要通过在乙醇摄入后限制乙醛积累来限制饮酒。然而，给予低剂量的4-甲基吡唑（4-MP）以消除乙醛积累，并不能消除氰胺产生的抑制作用。单独使用4-MP对长Evans大鼠未受抑制的酒精摄入量或为低水平乙醇消费而培育的ANA品系大鼠的饮酒量没有影响。当与氰胺同时给药时，4-MP确实影响了抑制作用的发展，但可能是通过其减轻脑ALDH抑制程度的作用：发现脑ALDH活性与乙醇摄入量之间存在高度相关性（r = +0.825，p小于0.001）。结果表明，氰胺在没有乙醛积累的情况下也能抑制酒精摄入，这可能与其直接抑制脑ALDH的某种作用有关。
