Ffytche T J
Br J Ophthalmol. 1981 Apr;65(4):231-9. doi: 10.1136/bjo.65.4.231.
Clinical and pathological investigations in a group of 113 patients with leprosy of long duration demonstrated the importance of iris changes as a cause of blindness. In lepromatous leprosy the so called "chronic iritis" produces iris atrophy with small nonreacting pupils which exaggerate the visual impairment created by developing lens changes and corneal opacities. The cause of this "chronic iritis" is believed to be neuroparalytic from early involvement of the small nerves of the iris, particularly the autonomic supply. Clinical and pharmacological evidence for this theory is supported by the histological changes observed in 18 specimens of iris removed during the course of cataract surgery, with progressive atrophy of the iris preferentially affecting the dilator muscle and leading to a nonreacting miosed pupil. Further pharmacological and histological studies are to be undertaken on lepromatous patients with iris involvement with a view to establishing possible methods of prevention.
对113例病程较长的麻风患者进行的临床和病理研究表明，虹膜病变作为失明原因的重要性。在瘤型麻风中，所谓的“慢性虹膜炎”会导致虹膜萎缩，瞳孔小且无反应，这会加剧因晶状体变化和角膜混浊而导致的视力损害。这种“慢性虹膜炎”的病因被认为是由于虹膜小神经早期受累，尤其是自主神经供应，导致神经麻痹。在白内障手术过程中摘除的18个虹膜标本中观察到的组织学变化支持了这一理论的临床和药理学证据，虹膜的进行性萎缩优先影响瞳孔开大肌，导致瞳孔无反应且缩小。将对有虹膜受累的瘤型麻风患者进行进一步的药理学和组织学研究，以期确定可能的预防方法。
