Heistad D D, Busija D W, Marcus M L
Fed Proc. 1981 Jun;40(8):2317-21.
Cerebral vessels are well innervated by adrenergic and cholinergic fibers. Effects of sympathetic stimulation on cerebral blood flow (CBF) are controversial, but we have concluded that, during normotension and hypotension, sympathetic nerves have little effect on CBF. During acute hypertension, however, sympathetic nerves may have important effects of CBF. Sympathetic stimulation attenuates the passive increase in CBF that occurs during severe steady-state hypertension and after a sudden, modest increase in pressure. Disruption of the blood-brain barrier, which occurs during severe hypertension, also is minimized by sympathetic stimulation. Thus, the concept has emerged that, in contrast to minimal effects of sympathetic nerves under most conditions, sympathetic stimulation may have important protective effects during hypertension. The role of cholinergic nerves in regulation of CBF has not yet been clarified.
脑血管由肾上腺素能纤维和胆碱能纤维良好地支配。交感神经刺激对脑血流量（CBF）的影响存在争议，但我们得出的结论是，在正常血压和低血压期间，交感神经对CBF影响很小。然而，在急性高血压期间，交感神经可能对CBF有重要影响。交感神经刺激减弱了在严重稳态高血压期间以及压力突然适度升高后发生的CBF被动增加。在严重高血压期间发生的血脑屏障破坏也因交感神经刺激而最小化。因此，出现了这样一种概念，即与大多数情况下交感神经的最小作用相反，交感神经刺激在高血压期间可能具有重要的保护作用。胆碱能神经在CBF调节中的作用尚未阐明。
