Hahn G L
J Anim Sci. 1981 Jan;52(1):175-86. doi: 10.2527/jas1981.521175x.
Weather is a constraint on efficient livestock production systems. Evaluation of the degree of constraint is a difficult, but necessary task before selection of appropriate modifications in management or environments can be made. The basis for rational selection from available alternatives for the limitation of climatic stress in livestock has continued to improve, particularly with the development of rudimentary functional relationships between animal performance and weather parameters. Such relationships, when combined with probabilistic knowledge of the weather parameters, permit prediction of the reduction in animal performance under natural conditions, or of the benefits to be derived from proposed housing or management practices. Even with the imprecision still present in current models, such information provides livestock managers with improved bases for rational decisions on the housing or management of their animals compared with the broad generalizations now serving as guides. Refinement of present livestock response relationships and the development of new models will further improve their decision making and should be pursued as rapidly as resources permit.
天气是高效畜牧生产系统的一个制约因素。在选择对管理或环境进行适当调整之前，评估制约程度是一项困难但必要的任务。从现有备选方案中合理选择以限制家畜气候应激的基础一直在不断完善，特别是随着动物生产性能与天气参数之间基本功能关系的发展。当这些关系与天气参数的概率知识相结合时，就可以预测自然条件下动物生产性能的下降，或者预测拟议的畜舍或管理措施所能带来的益处。即使当前模型仍存在不精确性，但与目前作为指导的宽泛概括相比，此类信息为畜牧管理者在其动物的畜舍或管理方面做出合理决策提供了更好的依据。完善目前的家畜反应关系并开发新模型将进一步改善他们的决策，应在资源允许的情况下尽快进行。
