Berry G, Fisher R H, Lang S
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1981 Jul;29(7):322-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1981.tb01273.x.
In a Canadian Geriatric hospital, the report forms on the 2,177 untoward incidents occurring during the 1976-78 period were analyzed. The incident and fall rates were respectively 51.1 and 42.7/10,000 patient-days. Falls were the most common incident (82.9 percent). Of the patients who fell, 40.4 percent were over the age of 80 and another 27.5 percent were in the 71-80 age group. The majority fell more than once. Most falls occurred during the waking activity hours, and many were associated with the changing of the position or posture, notably in the course of using a wheelchair. Alcohol was a factor in 4.2 percent of the incidents. Nevertheless, the rate for mortality and serious morbidity were low. Patients' rooms and toilets should receive extra surveillance, and the caretaker staff should exercise special care in the use of wheelchairs and assistive devices. More attention should be given to recording cases of postural hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias or drug side effects.
在一家加拿大老年医院，对1976年至1978年期间发生的2177起不良事件的报告表进行了分析。事件发生率和跌倒率分别为每10000个患者日51.1起和42.7起。跌倒是最常见的事件（82.9%）。在跌倒的患者中，40.4%年龄超过80岁，另有27.5%在71至80岁年龄组。大多数人跌倒不止一次。大多数跌倒发生在清醒活动时间，许多与体位或姿势改变有关，特别是在使用轮椅过程中。4.2%的事件中酒精是一个因素。然而，死亡率和严重发病率较低。患者病房和卫生间应加强监控，护理人员在使用轮椅和辅助设备时应格外小心。应更加关注记录体位性低血压、心律失常或药物副作用的病例。
