Powell-Jones W, Thompson C, Raeford S, Lucier G W
Endocrinology. 1981 Aug;109(2):628-36. doi: 10.1210/endo-109-2-628.
These studies elucidate the ontogeny of two classes of estrogen-binding sites present in rat liver cytosol. The first class of sites is precipitated from whole cytosol fractions by ammonium sulfate (30% saturation) and exhibits characteristics of specific estrogen receptors. Detectable levels of receptors are attained during the third postnatal week. During days 30--40, receptors reach maximum concentration and remain relatively constant thereafter. The second class of sites, detected in whole cytosol fractions, possess a high binding capacity for estrogens and are present in similar amounts in male and female liver before day 34. However, between days 34--40 male levels increase dramatically while female levels remain constant. This sex difference is maintained throughout the duration of the study (160 days). Specific estrogen receptors from immature (26 days) and mature (70--80 days) rat liver have similar characteristics in terms of sedimentation properties in sucrose gradients, ligand binding specificity, and heat and pronase susceptibility. After prepuberal (19--21 days) gonadectomy, levels of receptor in subsequent adult animals of both sexes are increased approximately 40%. No alterations in receptor levels are seen after neonatal (day 1) castration of males. Prepuberal (day 19) gonadectomy does not alter the normal development of sexual differentiation of high capacity estrogen-binding sites. However, after neonatal (day 1) castration male rats, levels of those sites do not undergo sexual differentiation, and neonatally castrated adult males exhibit female levels of high capacity estrogen-binding site. These studies suggest that sexual differentiation of high capacity estrogen-binding sites may be programmed at birth by testicular androgens.
这些研究阐明了大鼠肝细胞溶质中存在的两类雌激素结合位点的个体发生过程。第一类位点可通过硫酸铵（30%饱和度）从全细胞溶质组分中沉淀出来，并表现出特异性雌激素受体的特征。在出生后第三周可检测到受体水平。在第30 - 40天期间，受体达到最大浓度，此后保持相对恒定。在全细胞溶质组分中检测到的第二类位点对雌激素具有高结合能力，在第34天之前，雄性和雌性肝脏中的含量相似。然而，在第34 - 40天之间，雄性水平急剧增加，而雌性水平保持恒定。这种性别差异在整个研究期间（160天）都持续存在。来自未成熟（26天）和成熟（70 - 80天）大鼠肝脏的特异性雌激素受体在蔗糖梯度中的沉降特性、配体结合特异性以及对热和链霉蛋白酶的敏感性方面具有相似的特征。青春期前（19 - 21天）去势后，两性成年动物体内的受体水平均升高约40%。雄性在新生期（第1天）去势后，受体水平未见改变。青春期前（第19天）去势不会改变高容量雌激素结合位点性分化的正常发育。然而，新生期（第1天）去势的雄性大鼠，这些位点的水平不会发生性分化，新生期去势的成年雄性大鼠表现出雌性水平的高容量雌激素结合位点。这些研究表明，高容量雌激素结合位点的性分化可能在出生时由睾丸雄激素编程。
