Sweeny S, Zamecnik K
Am J Psychiatry. 1981 Aug;138(8):1086-9. doi: 10.1176/ajp.138.8.1086.
The authors found that a self-imposed change in physical appearance during the acute phase before hospital admission and a previous act of self-mutilation differentiated self-mutilators from control subjects in a group of patients with schizophrenia. Anticipated object loss and living with others were factors of clinical importance but did not reach statistical significance.