Loper G L, Calloway A R, Stamps M A, Wolten G M, Jones P F
J Forensic Sci. 1981 Apr;26(2):263-86.
A photoluminescence technique, which detects lead and antimony in gunshot residue, was evaluated for use in investigations of apparent gunshot suicides. The study was conducted in conjunction with forensic science laboratories in five U.S. cities. Samples were collected by the adhesive lift method from the backs of the hands of 67 gunshot suicide victims, 41 subjects who died of other causes, and 31 live subjects with high occupational exposure to lead and antimony. Tentative simultaneous threshold levels of 0.85 microgram for lead and 0.01 microgram for antimony were selected as criteria for presuming the presence of gunshot residue on samples from the hands of these suicide victims. Although blood decreases the detectability of lead and antimony in the samples, 48% of the suicide cases involving handguns other than .22 revolvers exceeded the threshold levels for both lead and antimony. Methods are suggested for eliminating the effects of blood, which should significantly increase the success rate for cases involving these guns. A much lower success rate was obtained for cases involving .22 revolvers and long guns, as expected from the sparse amounts of residue found in previous test firings of these guns.
一种用于检测枪击残留物中铅和锑的光致发光技术，被评估用于明显的枪击自杀案件调查。该研究是与美国五个城市的法医学实验室联合进行的。通过胶带粘贴法从67名枪击自杀受害者、41名死于其他原因的受试者以及31名职业性高暴露于铅和锑的活体受试者的手部采集样本。铅的暂定同时阈值水平为0.85微克，锑的暂定同时阈值水平为0.01微克，被选为推定这些自杀受害者手部样本存在枪击残留物的标准。尽管血液会降低样本中铅和锑的可检测性，但48%涉及非.22转轮手枪的自杀案件中铅和锑都超过了阈值水平。文中提出了消除血液影响的方法，这应该会显著提高涉及这些枪支案件的成功率。正如从这些枪支先前试射发现的残留物稀少情况所预期的那样，涉及.22转轮手枪和长枪的案件成功率要低得多。
