Waid W M, Wilson S K, Orne M T
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1981 Jun;40(6):1118-25. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.40.6.1118.
This study examined the effects of individual differences in electrodermal lability on cardiovascular, respiratory, and electrodermal responses (EDRs) in the detection of deception. One Day 1 each of 74 subjects rested quietly for 3 min. while skin conductance was recorded. Electrodermal lability was scored for each subject, those giving frequent nonspecific EDRs being labiles and those giving few being stabiles. On Day 2, usually 1 week later, 40 of the subjects attempted to deceive a professional polygraph examiner in a field-type test. The 34 remaining subjects attempted to convince the examiner, who was blind as to each subject's condition, that they were indeed being truthful. Deception by stabile subjects was detected less frequently than was deception by labile subjects. Among truthful subjects, the more labile were falsely detected as deceptive on more questions than were their stabile counterparts. Although accuracy of detection was greatest with the EDR, the effects of lability on detection were similar for electrodermal, cardiovascular, and respiratory measures. Labiles also had a higher heart rate during the polygraph test than did stabiles.
本研究考察了皮肤电反应不稳定性的个体差异对测谎时心血管、呼吸及皮肤电反应（EDR）的影响。在第1天，74名受试者每人安静休息3分钟，同时记录皮肤电传导。为每名受试者的皮肤电反应不稳定性打分，频繁出现非特异性EDR的受试者为不稳定型，而出现次数少的为稳定型。通常在1周后的第2天，40名受试者在一次类似实际场景的测试中试图欺骗一位专业的测谎仪检查员。其余34名受试者试图让检查员（检查员对每位受试者的情况不知情）相信他们确实讲的是真话。稳定型受试者的欺骗行为比不稳定型受试者的欺骗行为被检测到的频率更低。在说真话的受试者中，不稳定型受试者比稳定型受试者在更多问题上被误判为有欺骗行为。虽然使用EDR时检测准确率最高，但皮肤电、心血管和呼吸测量指标中，不稳定性对检测的影响是相似的。不稳定型受试者在测谎测试中的心率也比稳定型受试者高。
