Michael T A
JAMA. 1981 Sep 4;246(10):1098-101. doi: 10.1001/jama.246.10.1098.
The esophageal obturator airway (EOA) has been used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation since 1973. The device is inserted into the esophagus and isolates the stomach from the airways by an occlusive balloon located below the tracheal bifurcation. It aims to prevent gastrointestinal inflation and regurgitation and to provide ventilation. A critique and literature review point out the speed and ease of insertion (5 s), short training period, and efficacy as it relates to blood gases and tidal volumes, which are comparable with those obtained with endotracheal intubation. Complications, including esophageal trauma and tracheal entry, are discussed, indicating their low incidence. As optimal endoscopic facilities are often unavailable at the site of cardiopulmonary arrest, the use of the EOA by trained personnel as an alternative or preceding technique is advocated.
自1973年以来，食管阻塞气道（EOA）已用于心肺复苏。该装置插入食管，并通过位于气管分叉下方的阻塞性球囊将胃与气道隔开。其目的是防止胃肠道膨胀和反流，并提供通气。一项评论和文献综述指出了插入的速度和简便性（5秒）、培训期短以及与血气和潮气量相关的有效性，这些与气管插管所获得的结果相当。文中讨论了包括食管创伤和气管进入在内的并发症，表明其发生率较低。由于在心肺骤停现场通常无法获得最佳的内镜设备，因此提倡由经过培训的人员使用EOA作为替代技术或先行技术。
