Jelínek R, Kistler A
Teratology. 1981 Apr;23(2):191-5. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420230204.
The effects of all-trans-beta-retinoic acid upon the developing chick embryo were investigated using the Chick Embryotoxicity Screening Test (CHEST). A dose of 0.3 microgram, injected subgerminally in stages HH 10--11, arrested the neural tube development, disturbed extraembryonic vasculogenesis, and induced formation of haemorrhagic blisters in the caudal region. Single administration of retinoic acid on days 2, 3, and 4 revealed a stage-specific effect. Being high, due to the abundant mortality of embryos injected on day 2, the effect drops conspicuously on day 3, and rises once again on day 4 when a remarkable proportion of the surviving fetuses suffer from serious morphological damage comprising cardiovascular lesions, maldevelopment of the central face, and dysmelia. The target tissues are similar to those of vitamin A in developing mammals. The increased sensitivity of chick embryo morphogenetic systems between days 3 and 4 supports the hypothesis that the deleterious action of retinoic acid is due to the development of specific binding sites in the target cell populations.
使用鸡胚毒性筛选试验（CHEST）研究了全反式β-视黄酸对发育中的鸡胚的影响。在HH 10-11阶段经胚下注射0.3微克的剂量，会使神经管发育停滞，扰乱胚外血管生成，并在尾部区域诱导出血性水泡的形成。在第2、3和4天单次给予视黄酸显示出阶段特异性效应。由于在第2天注射的胚胎死亡率很高，该效应显著下降，而在第4天再次上升，此时相当比例的存活胎儿遭受包括心血管病变、中面部发育不良和肢体发育异常在内的严重形态学损伤。靶组织与发育中的哺乳动物体内维生素A的靶组织相似。第3天至第4天鸡胚形态发生系统敏感性的增加支持了视黄酸的有害作用是由于靶细胞群体中特异性结合位点的形成这一假说。
