Gerhardt H J, Otto H D
Acta Otolaryngol. 1981 May-Jun;91(5-6):567-73. doi: 10.3109/00016488109138542.
Analysis of the information obtained from more than 110 malformations of the external and middle ear operated upon by the author (Gerhardt) leads to speculation as to their course of development. Of particular interest are the varying types of stapes malformations and the influence of variations in the course of the facial nerve on the development and shaping of the stapes. In the light of clinical examples, an attempt was made to interpret the variations in the course of the facial nerve and certain forms of stapes and incus malformation on the basis of the developmental processes in the area of the skull base and of the brain.
作者（格哈特）对110余例接受手术治疗的外耳和中耳畸形病例所获信息进行分析后，引发了对其发育过程的思考。特别令人感兴趣的是镫骨畸形的不同类型以及面神经走行变化对镫骨发育和形态形成的影响。根据临床实例，试图依据颅底和脑部区域的发育过程，对面神经走行变化以及某些形式的镫骨和砧骨畸形进行解读。
