Lyons E T, Tolliver S C, Drudge J H, Hemken R W, Button F S
Am J Vet Res. 1981 Jul;42(7):1128-30.
Dairy calves (n = 18) were used in controlled tests to evaluate activity of levamisole against abomasal nematodes and lungworms. Two formulations of levamisole, injectable (experiment A) and bolus (experiment B), were given in single doses at rates of 6 mg/kg of body weight and 5.4 to 10.2 mg/kg (5.4, 7.6, 8.0, 8.8, or 10.2 mg/kg), respectively. Experiment A included 4 treated and 4 nontreated calves and experiment B consisted of 5 treated and 5 nontreated calves. Aggregate removals of Ostertagia spp (4th stage), Ostertagi (adult), Trichostrongylus spp (4th stage), and T axei (adult) were 0%, 54%, 86%, and 95%, respectively, for injectable treated calves and were 0%, 23%, no data, and 85%, respectively, for bolus-treated calves. Haemonchus spp, present in small numbers, were completely removed from treated calves in experiment A. Several possible explanations are discussed regarding poor removal activity of levamisole by both formulations against O ostertagi. Removal activity was 95% and 100% against Dictyocaulus viviparus for injectable-treated and bolus-treated calves, respectively.
使用18头犊牛进行对照试验，以评估左旋咪唑对皱胃线虫和肺线虫的活性。两种左旋咪唑制剂，即注射剂（实验A）和大丸剂（实验B），分别按6毫克/千克体重和5.4至10.2毫克/千克（5.4、7.6、8.0、8.8或10.2毫克/千克）的剂量单次给药。实验A包括4头治疗犊牛和4头未治疗犊牛，实验B由5头治疗犊牛和5头未治疗犊牛组成。对于注射剂治疗的犊牛，奥斯特他属（第4阶段）、奥斯特他线虫（成虫）、毛圆线虫属（第4阶段）和塔氏毛圆线虫（成虫）的总清除率分别为0%、54%、86%和95%；对于大丸剂治疗的犊牛，上述线虫的总清除率分别为0%、23%、无数据和85%。在实验A中，少量存在的血矛线虫属已从治疗的犊牛中完全清除。针对两种制剂对奥氏奥斯特他线虫清除活性较差的情况，讨论了几种可能的解释。对于注射剂治疗和大丸剂治疗的犊牛，对胎生网尾线虫的清除活性分别为95%和100%。
