Krapez J R, Vesey C J, Adams L, Cole P V
Br J Anaesth. 1981 Aug;53(8):793-804. doi: 10.1093/bja/53.8.793.
Cyanide antidotes were given to dogs before an infusion of sodium nitroprusside 1.5 mg kg-1 for 1 h. Dogs given thiosulphate 75 mg kg-1 had significantly lower plasma and red cell cyanide concentrations while plasma thiocyanate concentrations were significantly increased in comparison with control. These changes were associated with only minimal disturbance of tissue oxygenation. There was no effect on red cell cyanide or thiocyanate concentrations in dogs treated with hydroxocobalamin 1.5 mg kg-1, but plasma cyanide concentrations were significantly greater than in those receiving no antidote although there was less evidence of impaired oxygenation. There was no evidence of a synergistic action between thiosulphate and hydroxocobalamin. The vascular response to nitroprusside was unchanged in the thiosulphate-treated dogs, but was significantly greater in those given hydroxocobalamin. The implications for prophylaxis and treatment of cyanide poisoning following nitroprusside overdose are discussed.
在给狗输注1.5毫克/千克硝普钠1小时之前，先给它们使用了氰化物解毒剂。给予75毫克/千克硫代硫酸盐的狗，其血浆和红细胞氰化物浓度显著降低，而与对照组相比，血浆硫氰酸盐浓度显著升高。这些变化仅伴有组织氧合的轻微紊乱。给予1.5毫克/千克羟钴胺素治疗的狗，其红细胞氰化物或硫氰酸盐浓度没有变化，但血浆氰化物浓度显著高于未接受解毒剂的狗，尽管氧合受损的证据较少。没有证据表明硫代硫酸盐和羟钴胺素之间存在协同作用。硫代硫酸盐治疗的狗对硝普钠的血管反应未改变，但给予羟钴胺素的狗反应显著增强。本文讨论了硝普钠过量后氰化物中毒的预防和治疗意义。
