MacAdam D B, Siegerstetter J, Smith M C
J R Coll Gen Pract. 1981 Mar;31(224):161-4.
A random sample of 1,083 people, drawn from the lists of two practices in Leeds, was used to estimate the prevalence of deafness among adults. A test for deafness (defined as failure to hear 35 decibels at 1000 Hz in one or both ears) using a portable audiometer proved simple to operate with little observer variation. Eight per cent of adults were found to be deaf. The prevalence of deafness increased with age and was lowest in social classes I and II; there was no significant difference between the sexes. Audiometry showed that 17 per cent of those who thought their hearing was abnormal had no recorded loss of hearing using the stated test and that 18 per cent of those who are deaf would be overlooked if the question "Do you think your hearing is normal?" was used for initial screening in general practice. Less than 20 per cent knew of any services or aids for the deaf apart from those available through general practitioners.
从利兹市两家诊所的名单中随机抽取了1083人，以估算成年人中耳聋的患病率。使用便携式听力计进行的耳聋测试（定义为一只或两只耳朵在1000赫兹时听不到35分贝）证明操作简单，观察者差异很小。发现8%的成年人患有耳聋。耳聋患病率随年龄增长而增加，在社会阶层I和II中最低；男女之间没有显著差异。听力测试表明，那些认为自己听力异常的人中有17%在使用上述测试时没有记录到听力损失，并且如果在全科医疗中使用“你认为你的听力正常吗？”这个问题进行初步筛查，18%的耳聋患者会被忽视。除了通过全科医生可获得的服务或辅助工具外，不到20%的人知道任何针对耳聋的服务或辅助工具。
