Lutz J, Marsh T K
Schizophr Bull. 1981;7(3):509-15. doi: 10.1093/schbul/7.3.509.
Three-category dual level, three-category single level, and six-category single level word lists were presented for single trial free recall to 18 normals and 18 schizophrenics in remission. Schizophrenic recall was significantly inferior to that of normals across all three lists. Normals produced more clustering than schizophrenics, but the difference was not significant. Across both groups, the three-category dual level list produced significantly more recall than the other two lists. The three-category dual level list and the three-category single level list produced significantly more clustering than the six-category single level list. The results were interpreted as indicating that the schizophrenic's memory structure is similar to that of normals. It is suggested that the schizophrenic's recall deficit is not due to a lack of structure, or an inappropriate structure, but rather to a lessened tendency to utilize such structure.
向18名正常人和18名处于缓解期的精神分裂症患者呈现了三类双水平、三类单水平和六类单水平的单词列表，要求他们进行单次试验自由回忆。在所有三个列表中，精神分裂症患者的回忆明显不如正常人。正常人比精神分裂症患者产生了更多的聚类，但差异不显著。在两组中，三类双水平列表产生的回忆明显多于其他两个列表。三类双水平列表和三类单水平列表产生的聚类明显多于六类单水平列表。结果被解释为表明精神分裂症患者的记忆结构与正常人相似。有人认为，精神分裂症患者的回忆缺陷不是由于缺乏结构或结构不当，而是由于利用这种结构的倾向减弱。
