[Pulmonary lipids in fatal burns (author's transl)].

The pulmonary lipids were investigated at autopsy in 22 deaths from burns (3 scalds among them) by means of histological examination, thin-layer chromatography and gas liquid chromatography. Leaving out of consideration 4 cases with concomitant mechanical trauma 7 out of 18 burned victims showed fat embolism of the lungs, the degree varying from slight (4) to medium (3). Cases surviving for a short period showed fat embolism more frequently than those with a rapidly fatal course. The extracted pulmonary lipids were separated by thin-layer chromatography into 5 fractions (phospholipids, cholesterol, fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol esters) and evaluated densitometrically. The triglyceride fraction was increased in cases of fat embolism after burns, as well as in control cases of post-traumatic fat embolism. For further lipid characterisation the fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography. Calculation of the amounts of the individual fatty acids showed that in cases of at least medium intensity the ratio of oleic acid/linoleic acid and oleic acid/stearic acid is shifted towards oleic acid.