Kumar K, Kumar A
Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1981 Oct;15(10):802-6. doi: 10.1177/106002808101501015.
Hematologic abnormalities associated with penicillin compounds are uncommon, and neutropenia associated with ampicillin is reported even less frequently. Neutropenia developed in three pediatric patients after high-dose (150-400 mg/kg) ampicillin therapy over a period of 3 to 12 days. In all cases, the white blood cell and neutrophil counts returned towards normal within 4 to 11 days after discontinuation of the antibiotic. Bone marrow examination revealed a maturation arrest in one and slight shift to the left in the maturation of granulocytic cells in another. Other marrow components were normal. Red blood cells, reticulocytes, platelets, and hemoglobin did not show any abnormal alteration in any of the patients. Physicians administering ampicillin, particularly in high doses, should be alert to the possible development of neutropenia; however, all reported neutropenias have been reversible.
与青霉素类化合物相关的血液学异常并不常见，而与氨苄西林相关的中性粒细胞减少症的报道更为罕见。三名儿科患者在接受为期3至12天的高剂量（150 - 400mg/kg）氨苄西林治疗后出现了中性粒细胞减少症。在所有病例中，停用抗生素后4至11天内白细胞和中性粒细胞计数恢复正常。骨髓检查显示，一例出现成熟停滞，另一例粒细胞成熟略有左移。其他骨髓成分正常。所有患者的红细胞、网织红细胞、血小板和血红蛋白均未出现任何异常变化。使用氨苄西林的医生，尤其是高剂量使用时，应警惕中性粒细胞减少症的可能发生；然而，所有报道的中性粒细胞减少症都是可逆的。
