Klein E
Artif Organs. 1981;4 Suppl:46-50.
The term "Middle Molecules" originated as an operational definition for metabolites whose removal rate in the dialyzers of the 1970s was limited principally by the devices then used. Improvements in both the device designs and membrane performance require that we reexamine the definition. This discussion presents the relationship between membrane properties and operating conditions so that a general prediction can be made for metabolite clearance using either dialysis or hemofiltration. The current theories of solute/solvent coupling during membrane transport require that the designer and user consider not only the intrinsic membrane properties, but also the ultrafiltration velocity applied during therapy. This is particularly important in the use of hemofiltration, but may also be significant when high ultrafiltration rate dialyzers are employed. To provide a working definition of middle molecules, we reference the transport of solutes of increasing hydrodynamic radius to the transport of urea. Data for a series of membranes used in current and experimental devices will be presented.
“中分子”一词最初是作为一种操作定义，用于描述20世纪70年代在透析器中清除率主要受当时使用的设备限制的代谢物。设备设计和膜性能的改进要求我们重新审视这一定义。本讨论阐述了膜特性与操作条件之间的关系，以便能够对使用透析或血液滤过的代谢物清除率进行总体预测。当前关于膜转运过程中溶质/溶剂耦合的理论要求设计者和使用者不仅要考虑膜的固有特性，还要考虑治疗过程中施加的超滤速度。这在血液滤过的应用中尤为重要，但在使用高超滤率透析器时也可能很重要。为了给出中分子的实用定义，我们将增加流体动力学半径的溶质的转运与尿素的转运进行了对比。将给出当前和实验设备中使用的一系列膜的数据。
