Wall B F, Rae S, Darby S C, Kendall G M
Br J Radiol. 1981 Sep;54(645):719-30. doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-54-645-719.
The National Radiological Protection Board has recently carried out a reappraisal of the annual genetically significant dose (GSD) to the population of Great Britain arising from the practice of diagnostic radiology. The current value of 120 muGy (12 mrad) is indistinguishable from the value determined 20 years ago despite a 48% increase in the number of X-ray examinations performed per head of the population. This is mostly due to a large decrease in the contribution from obstetric radiology and to a marked reduction in the gonadal doses delivered to children for nearly all types of examination. The GSD and the frequency of X-ray examinations in Great Britain would appear to be considerably lower than those found in other industrialized countries and seem unlikely to result in more than 100 cases of serious hereditary ill-health per year at genetic equilibrium. On the other hand, diagnostic radiology is responsible for 87% of the GSD from all man-made sources of population exposure in Great Britain and there is evidence from the data collected for this reappraisal that radiological protection measures could be improved so as to reduce significantly this large contribution without detriment to patient care.
国家放射防护委员会最近对因诊断性放射学实践给英国民众造成的年度遗传显著剂量（GSD）进行了重新评估。当前120微戈瑞（12毫拉德）的值与20年前确定的值没有差别，尽管人均进行的X射线检查数量增加了48%。这主要是由于产科放射学的贡献大幅减少，以及几乎所有类型检查中儿童所接受的性腺剂量显著降低。英国的遗传显著剂量和X射线检查频率似乎明显低于其他工业化国家，在遗传平衡状态下，每年似乎不太可能导致超过100例严重的遗传性健康问题。另一方面，在英国，诊断性放射学占所有人为源造成的民众照射遗传显著剂量的87%，此次重新评估所收集的数据表明，放射防护措施可以改进，以便在不损害患者护理的情况下大幅减少这一巨大贡献。
