Sparks J W, Pegorier J P, Girard J, Battaglia F C
Pediatr Res. 1981 Oct;15(10):1340-4. doi: 10.1203/00006450-198110000-00007.
Weight gain and food intake were measured in unstressed nonpregnant and pregnant guinea pigs fed ad libitum. Nonpregnant females consumed 33.2 +/- 0.5 g.day-1 of pellet diet and did not demonstrate a consistent pattern of weight gain. The average daily food intake of pregnant animals increased linearly from 38 g.day-1 at 27 days to over 60 g.day-1 near term, and the average maternal weight gain was 13.3 g.day-1. Using sterile technique, polyvinyl catheters were inserted under anesthesia into the carotid and femoral arteries of these animals. Animals recovered spontaneously, and catheters remained patent for up to 4 wk. The effect of surgical and anesthetic stress was evaluated by measurement of food intake and metabolite levels after surgery. In the nonpregnant animals, blood glucose decreased immediately after surgery (4.76 +/0- 0.36 versus 5.65 +/- 0.25; P less than 0.05), whereas the pregnant animals responded with a substantial increase in blood glucose (7.57 +/- 0.48 versus 5.87 +/- 0.33; P less than 0.05). Lactate was increased intraoperatively in both groups (1.76 +/- 0.22 versus 1.11 +/- 0.07, nonpregnant; 1.80 +/- 0.17 versus 1.10 +/- 0.08, pregnant). The pregnant animals differed from the nonpregnant animals with regard to the pattern of changes in blood ketones after surgery. The nonpregnant animals achieved steady state within 1 day after surgery, whereas the pregnant animals required 4 days for recovery. Food intake and maternal weight gain were markedly reduced during the recovery period for the pregnant animals. Blood metabolite levels were measured in well-fed, unstressed pregnant and nonpregnant guinea pigs. Using measurements made after the third postoperative day, the unstressed pregnant animals demonstrated a progressive decline in blood glucose levels, reaching levels significantly below those of nonpregnant animals at 55 to 60 and 60+ days. Arterial concentrations of lactate, pyruvate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and free fatty acids did not change consistently with gestation and were not significantly different from nonpregnant values.
对自由采食的未应激非孕和孕豚鼠测量体重增加和食物摄入量。未孕雌性豚鼠每日消耗33.2±0.5克颗粒饲料，且未表现出一致的体重增加模式。孕豚鼠的平均每日食物摄入量从第27天的38克/天线性增加至足月时超过60克/天，母体平均体重增加为13.3克/天。采用无菌技术，在麻醉状态下将聚乙烯导管插入这些动物的颈动脉和股动脉。动物自发恢复，导管可保持通畅长达4周。通过测量手术后的食物摄入量和代谢物水平来评估手术和麻醉应激的影响。在未孕动物中，术后血糖立即下降（4.76±0.36对5.65±0.25；P<0.05），而孕豚鼠则表现为血糖大幅升高（7.57±0.48对5.87±0.33；P<0.05）。两组术中乳酸均升高（未孕组1.76±0.22对1.11±0.07；孕组1.80±0.17对1.10±0.08）。孕豚鼠与未孕豚鼠在术后血酮变化模式上有所不同。未孕动物术后1天内达到稳态，而孕豚鼠恢复需要4天。孕豚鼠恢复期间食物摄入量和母体体重增加明显减少。对营养良好、未应激的孕豚鼠和未孕豚鼠测量血代谢物水平。利用术后第三天后的测量数据，未应激的孕豚鼠血糖水平逐渐下降，在55至60天和60+天时显著低于未孕动物。动脉血中乳酸、丙酮酸、β-羟丁酸、乙酰乙酸和游离脂肪酸的浓度并未随妊娠而持续变化，且与未孕动物的值无显著差异。
