Suzuki F, Han A, Lankas G R, Utsumi H, Elkind M M
Cancer Res. 1981 Dec;41(12 Pt 1):4916-24.
Using germicidal lamps and Westinghouse sunlamps with and without filtration, the effectiveness of ultraviolet and near-ultraviolet light in inducing molecular and cellular changes was measured. Cell survival and the induction of resistance to 6-thioguanine or to ouabain were measured with V79 Chinese hamster cells, cell survival and neoplastic transformation were measured with C3H mouse 10 T 1/2 cells, and the induction of pyrimidine dimers containing thymine was measured in both cell lines. The short-wavelength cutoff of the sunlamp emission was shifted from approximately 290 nm (unfiltered) to approximately 300 and approximately 310 nm by appropriate filters. Although it was found that the efficiency with which all end points were induced progressively decreased as the short-wavelength cutoff was shifted to longer wavelengths, the rates of decrease differed appreciably. For example, doses of near-ultraviolet light longer than approximately 300 nm that were effective in mutating or in transforming cells were ineffective in killing them. In respect to pyrimidine dimer induction, several but not all cellular end points were induced by dose ratios of sunlamp light (short-wavelength cutoff, approximately 290 nm) to germicidal lamp light (254 nm) in fairly close accord with the doses required to produce equivalent proportions of dimers. However, for near-ultraviolet light having cutoffs at longer wavelengths, the biological action observed was appreciably greater than what would be predicted from the proportion of dimers induced. From the latter observation, it is inferred that increasing intensities of short-wavelength ultraviolet light, as would be expected from reductions in stratospheric ozone around the earth, would result in smaller increases in biological action, e.g., skin cancer, compared to current levels of action than would be predicted from an action spectrum completely corresponding to that of a pyrimidine dimer induction spectrum in DNA.
使用带或不带滤光片的杀菌灯和西屋太阳灯，测量了紫外线和近紫外线诱导分子和细胞变化的有效性。用V79中国仓鼠细胞测量细胞存活率以及对6-硫鸟嘌呤或哇巴因的抗性诱导，用C3H小鼠10T1/2细胞测量细胞存活率和肿瘤转化，并用这两种细胞系测量含胸腺嘧啶的嘧啶二聚体的诱导。通过适当的滤光片，太阳灯发射的短波截止波长从约290nm（未过滤）移至约300nm和约310nm。虽然发现随着短波截止波长移向更长波长，所有终点诱导效率逐渐降低，但降低速率有明显差异。例如，长于约300nm的近紫外线剂量对细胞进行诱变或转化有效，但对细胞杀伤无效。关于嘧啶二聚体诱导，太阳灯光（短波截止波长约290nm）与杀菌灯光（254nm）的剂量比在诱导几个但不是所有细胞终点时，与产生等量二聚体比例所需的剂量相当接近。然而，对于截止波长更长的近紫外线，观察到的生物作用明显大于根据诱导的二聚体比例所预测的作用。从后一观察结果推断，正如地球平流层臭氧减少所预期的那样，短波紫外线强度增加，与目前的作用水平相比，生物作用（如皮肤癌）的增加幅度将小于根据完全对应于DNA中嘧啶二聚体诱导光谱的作用光谱所预测的增加幅度。
