The effects of focal epileptic activity on the somatosensory evoked potentials in the rat.

The cortical somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) of the rat, evoked by contralateral forepaw stimulation, consisted of early (P 1 and N 1) and the late components (P 2 and N 2). Microelectrode recording yielded evoked unitary responses of short latencies in the range of the early components and responses of longer latencies in the range of P 2. During the development of focal epilepsy after topical application of penicillin, the late components of SEP were enhanced and the enhanced late negativity corresponded to a surface negative cortical spike. The prominent enlargement of later components was associated with prolonged, often recurrent discharges of long latency unitary responses and with enlarged local field potentials. Early components of SEP remained relatively unaffected and so did unitary responses with short latencies. Epileptic spike-conditioned SEPs in the cuneate nucleus, thalamic sensory relay nucleus and sensory cortex were depressed from 100 ns (cuneate nucleus) to about 300 ms (thalamus and cortex) subsequent to spike discharge. Transmission in the cuneate nucleus was least affected. Thalamic and cortical early components of SEP had similar time courses of recovery, which differed markedly from hat of cortical late components. Our findings suggest that two different neuronal activities generate different components of SEP and are differentially involved in the epileptic activities, which results in the different amplitude recovery following spontaneous epileptic spike discharges.