Filyashina G A
Biol Bull Acad Sci USSR. 1980 Sep-Oct;7(5):346-52.
It was established that chronic irritation of the peripheral nerves as a result of cutting of the sciatic nerve and introduction of formalin into the central segment is accompanied by prolonged oliguria (for many months), hyponatriuresis, a change in te excretion of chlorine, calcium, and urea with the urine, as well as an intensification of the excretion of potassium and phosphates by the kidneys. It was shown that the decrease in the excretion of water, sodium, chlorine, and calcium by the kidneys in the presence of a neurodystrophic process is associated chiefly with a sharp inhibition of filtration of the primary urine in the glomeruli and partially with an intensification of their reabsorption. Hyperkaliuresis and hyperphosphaturia were due to activation of the secretory process in the kidney tubules, while the decrease in the excretion of urea was a consequence of a decrease in the filtration load of this substance and a decrease in the diffusion and secretory processes. Thus, chronic irritation of the sciatic nerve leads to a change in the functional activity of all parts of the nephron. It is important that different parts of the nephron react differently, both in degree and in nature, and this is fraught with serious consequences for the normal maintenance of an adequate response of the kidneys to a change in the water and electrolyte metabolism.
已确定，由于切断坐骨神经并将福尔马林注入中枢段而导致的外周神经慢性刺激，会伴有长期少尿（持续数月）、低钠尿症、尿液中氯、钙和尿素排泄的变化，以及肾脏钾和磷酸盐排泄的增加。结果表明，在存在神经营养不良过程的情况下，肾脏对水、钠、氯和钙的排泄减少，主要与肾小球原尿滤过的急剧抑制有关，部分与肾小管重吸收的增强有关。高钾尿症和高磷酸盐尿症是由于肾小管分泌过程的激活，而尿素排泄减少是该物质滤过负荷降低以及扩散和分泌过程减少的结果。因此，坐骨神经的慢性刺激会导致肾单位各部分功能活动的改变。重要的是，肾单位的不同部分在程度和性质上反应不同，这对肾脏对水和电解质代谢变化做出充分反应的正常维持会带来严重后果。
