Cain B W, Pafford E A
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1981 Nov;10(6):737-45. doi: 10.1007/BF01054857.
Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducklings were fed nickel sulphate in their diet from day one to 90 days of age. Ducklings fed 1,200 ppm nickel began to tremor and show signs of paresis after 14 days of dosage (age) and 71% of this group died within 60 days of age. Birds fed 1,200 ppm nickel weighed significantly less (P less than 0.05) at 28 days of age than birds fed the other diets. Weights of ducklings fed untreated food or dietary dosages of 200 and 800 ppm nickel diets were not significantly different (P less than 0.05). The weight/length ratio of the humerus (an expression of bone density) from the 800 ppm diet females was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than the control fed females at 30 and 60 days and for all ducklings fed 1,200 ppm at 30 days of age. The organ-weight/body-weight ratios for heart, liver, and gizzard did not differ from controls or between any dosage group. Liver nickel residues from ducklings that died during this study ranged between 1.0 to 22.7 ppm and kidney residues ranged between 2.7 and 74.4 ppm. Liver and kidney tissues from all ducklings that survived to 90 days of age contained less than 1.0 ppm nickel.
从出生第一天到90日龄，给绿头鸭（Anas platyrhynchos）幼雏的饮食中添加硫酸镍。喂食1200 ppm镍的幼雏在给药14天（日龄）后开始颤抖并出现轻瘫症状，该组71%的幼雏在60日龄内死亡。在28日龄时，喂食1200 ppm镍的幼雏体重显著低于（P<0.05）喂食其他饮食的幼雏。喂食未处理食物或饮食中添加200和800 ppm镍的幼雏体重没有显著差异（P<0.05）。在30日龄和60日龄时，800 ppm饮食组雌性幼雏的肱骨重量/长度比（骨密度指标）显著低于（P<0.05）对照饮食组雌性幼雏，在30日龄时，所有喂食1200 ppm的幼雏的该指标也显著低于对照。心脏、肝脏和砂囊的器官重量/体重比与对照组或任何剂量组之间没有差异。在本研究期间死亡的幼雏肝脏镍残留量在1.0至22.7 ppm之间，肾脏残留量在2.7至74.4 ppm之间。所有存活至90日龄的幼雏肝脏和肾脏组织中的镍含量均低于1.0 ppm。
