Renner H, Fischer H J, Bossard F
Strahlentherapie. 1981 Dec;157(12):786-92.
Malignant tumors of the upper urinary passages are more frequent than one had formerly thought. Eleven case reports are presented in order to explain X-ray and differential diagnosis. The treatment consists in surgical nephrourethrectomy with lymphadenectomy. There are only few reports about indication and value of radiotherapy. A postoperative irradiation of the primary tumor region and the lymphatic outflow region is recommended for the stages B, C and D (without remote metastases). The suggested target volumes and doses are described.
上尿路恶性肿瘤比人们以前认为的更为常见。本文呈现11例病例报告以阐释X线及鉴别诊断。治疗方法为行肾输尿管切除术并清扫淋巴结。关于放疗的适应证及价值的报道较少。对于B、C和D期（无远处转移）患者，建议对原发肿瘤区域及淋巴引流区域进行术后放疗。文中描述了建议的靶区体积和剂量。
