Kjellstrand C M
Am J Kidney Dis. 1981 Jul;1(1):51-6. doi: 10.1016/s0272-6386(81)80012-1.
Middle molecules in a weight range of 500-50-00 daltons exists in uremic patients and patients on dialysis. These middle molecules have in vitro toxicity that has been most convincingly demonstrated to be directed against the immune system. Whether the levels can be influenced by varying their removal rates during dialysis, remains unknown. There are no convincing studies, either short- or long-term that has associated their levels in dialyzed patients with specific toxic symptoms. Both long- and short-term studies of their concentration levels and associating these with acute ill effects of dialysis and long-term damage to the immune system, possibly resulting in infections or cancers are necessary.
分子量在500至5000道尔顿范围内的中分子物质存在于尿毒症患者和接受透析治疗的患者体内。这些中分子物质具有体外毒性，最有说服力的证据表明其针对免疫系统。透析过程中，这些中分子物质的清除率变化是否会影响其水平，目前尚不清楚。目前尚无令人信服的短期或长期研究，将透析患者体内这些中分子物质的水平与特定的毒性症状联系起来。有必要开展关于其浓度水平的长期和短期研究，并将这些与透析的急性不良影响以及免疫系统的长期损害（可能导致感染或癌症）联系起来。
