Iwasaki Y, Iwata S, Kanemitsu T, Jozaki K, Hattori H, Akita H, Hotta M, Yamashita N, Nanri S, Sunakawa K, Oikawa T, Osano M, Ichihashi Y, Kuratsuji T, Haginiwa Y
Jpn J Antibiot. 1981 Dec;34(12):1595-603.
Basic and clinical evaluations of cefroxadine were carried out in children, and the following results were obtained. 1. Cefroxadine 20 mg/kg was administered to 9 children with heart disease for the prophylaxis against infections before undergoing cardiocatheterization and cardioangiography, and serum levels were determined. Peak levels reached after 30 minutes in 4 of the 9 cases, with a mean peak level of 22.5 mcg/ml and after 1 hour in 5 cases, with a mean peak level of 16.2 mcg/ml. Half life was 3.1 hours in the former group in a 6-hour blood sampling (1.04 hours in a 2-hour sampling) while in the latter group it was 1.37 hours. 2. Clinical responses were evaluated in 56 children comprising 23 cases of pharyngitis, 8 of tonsillitis, 13 of scarlet fever, 10 of urinary tract infections and 2 of impetigo. Fifty of these cases had excellent and good responses showing a efficacy rate of 89.3%. 3. From 42 of the cases, 43 strains were isolated as causative organisms. Major organisms included 27 strains of S. pyogenes, 9 of E. coli and 3 of S. aureus. As for bacteriological responses, all strains were eradicated. 4. No severe side effects were observed except for diarrhea of 1 cases and eosinophilia of 2 cases. Furthermore, no children refused to take cefroxadine dry syrup.
对头孢沙定进行了儿童基础及临床评估，获得以下结果。1. 对9名患有心脏病的儿童在进行心导管插入术和心血管造影术前给予20mg/kg头孢沙定以预防感染，并测定血清水平。9例中有4例在30分钟后达到峰值水平，平均峰值水平为22.5mcg/ml，5例在1小时后达到峰值水平，平均峰值水平为16.2mcg/ml。在前一组进行6小时采血时半衰期为3.1小时（2小时采血时为1.04小时），而后一组半衰期为1.37小时。2. 对56名儿童的临床反应进行了评估，其中包括23例咽炎、8例扁桃体炎、13例猩红热、10例尿路感染和2例脓疱病。其中50例反应良好，有效率为89.3%。3. 从42例病例中分离出43株病原菌。主要病原菌包括27株化脓性链球菌、9株大肠杆菌和3株金黄色葡萄球菌。至于细菌学反应，所有菌株均被根除。4. 除1例腹泻和2例嗜酸性粒细胞增多外，未观察到严重副作用。此外，没有儿童拒绝服用头孢沙定干糖浆。
