两种有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂对母鸡的神经毒性

Neurotoxicity of two organophosphorus ester flame retardants in hens.

作者信息

Sprague G L, Sandvik L L, Brookins-Hendricks M J, Bickford A A

出版信息

J Toxicol Environ Health. 1981 Sep;8(3):507-18. doi: 10.1080/15287398109530087.

Abstract

Delayed neurotoxicity in hens was reported after the administration of several chlorinated alkyl phosphates. Neurotoxicity increased in a homologous series with the size and/or hydrophobic nature of substituents. In the present study the neurotoxicities of two commercial flame retardants, Fyrol PCF [tri(2-chloropropyl) phosphate] and Fyrol CEF [tri)beta-chloroethyl) phosphate], were compared in adult White Leghorn hens. When Fyrol PCF (10 ml/kg neat) was administered orally to four hens, no inhibition of plasma cholinesterase or brain neurotoxic esterase was evident 24 h later. Fyrol CEF (10 ml/kg neat) produced significantly greater inhibition of plasma cholinesterase (87.1%) and brain neurotoxic esterase (30.0%). Since neither compound produced greater than 75% neurotoxic esterase inhibition, they were not expected to produce delayed neurotoxicity in hens. This was verified in hens treated twice with Fyrol PCF (10 ml/kg neat) or Fyrol CEF (10 ml/kg neat) and observed for 6 wk. Neither group showed behavioral or histopathologic evidence of delayed neurotoxicity. Measurement of neurotoxic esterase correctly predicted the lack of potential of the two flame retardants to induce delayed neurotoxicity in hens.

摘要

据报道，几种氯代烷基磷酸酯给药后会导致母鸡出现迟发性神经毒性。在同系物中，神经毒性会随着取代基的大小和/或疏水性而增加。在本研究中，对两种商用阻燃剂Fyrol PCF [磷酸三(2-氯丙基)]和Fyrol CEF [磷酸三(β-氯乙基)]在成年白来航鸡中的神经毒性进行了比较。当给四只母鸡口服Fyrol PCF（纯品10 ml/kg）时，24小时后血浆胆碱酯酶或脑神经毒性酯酶没有明显受到抑制。Fyrol CEF（纯品10 ml/kg）对血浆胆碱酯酶（87.1%）和脑神经毒性酯酶（30.0%）的抑制作用明显更强。由于这两种化合物对神经毒性酯酶的抑制作用均未超过75%，因此预计它们不会在母鸡中产生迟发性神经毒性。在用Fyrol PCF（纯品10 ml/kg）或Fyrol CEF（纯品10 ml/kg）对母鸡进行两次处理并观察6周后，这一结果得到了验证。两组均未表现出迟发性神经毒性的行为或组织病理学证据。神经毒性酯酶的测定正确地预测了这两种阻燃剂在母鸡中诱导迟发性神经毒性的可能性不存在。