Smorodintsev A A, Orlov V A, Ermolaeva O M, Zhilova G P
Vopr Virusol. 1978 Sep-Oct(5):602-7.
The authors applied a new principle of effective immunization against influenza using a moderately attenuated live vaccine which after 5 passages in developing chick embryos had retained a high reproduction activity in the human upper respiratory tract, while the vaccines were not contagious for their susceptible contacts. The safety of intranasal adminstration of the new vaccine is achieved by giving it to primed subjects previously given oral immunization with the same vaccine or intranasal administration of the standard hyperattenuated vaccine. Since the current inactivated influenza vaccine is the standard hyperattenuated vaccine. Since the current inactivated influenza vaccine is not sufficiently effective epidemiologically, the authors use additionally a single intranasal administration of a highly immunogenic live vaccine. The combined immunization with killed and live influenza vaccines proved to cause no reactions and to be highly immunogenic. Intensive humoral immunity was observed to develop in 86% of vaccines, this genic. Intensive humoral immunity was observed to develop in 86% of vaccines, this figure exceeding considerably the results of administration of the inactivated vaccine alone.
作者应用了一种针对流感的有效免疫新原则，使用一种适度减毒的活疫苗，该疫苗在发育中的鸡胚中传代5次后，在人类上呼吸道中仍保留高繁殖活性，同时该疫苗对其易感接触者无传染性。通过给先前口服相同疫苗或鼻内接种标准高度减毒疫苗进行过免疫的受试者鼻内接种新疫苗，实现了新疫苗鼻内接种的安全性。由于目前的灭活流感疫苗是标准的高度减毒疫苗，且在流行病学上不够有效，作者额外使用了一次鼻内接种高免疫原性活疫苗。事实证明，灭活流感疫苗和活流感疫苗联合免疫不会引起反应，且具有高度免疫原性。观察到86%的接种者产生了强烈的体液免疫，这一数字大大超过了单独接种灭活疫苗的结果。
