Festge O A
Urol Int. 1980;35(1):28-35. doi: 10.1159/000280302.
With respect to the new electrophysiological, morphological, histochemical, pharmacological and urodynamical investigations of the function of the urinary bladder, the common aspect of the existence of a smooth sphincter on one hand and a striated sphincter on the other hand, an alternate function of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system in filling of the bladder and in micturition can no more be accepted. A new own concept of the mechanism, which is in action at the bladder neck closure, is demonstrated. This concept goes out from the existence of two systems of smooth musculature in the outlet of the bladder. The first one with mainly longitudinally laying strips is standing under parasympathetic control. Its activation in the beginning of voiding opens the bladder neck. The second one consists of more circulary strips. Its activation is alpha-adrenergic. The contraction of this part of the musculature causes the closure of the bladder neck. Certainly the striated musculature does not play an important role of the continence in normal persons resting conditions. However, in some pathological conditions, it must be taken into consideration. It must be noted, too, that the striated urethral musculature and the pelvic floor do not act synchronous.
关于膀胱功能的新的电生理、形态学、组织化学、药理学和尿动力学研究表明，一方面存在平滑肌括约肌，另一方面存在横纹肌括约肌，以及副交感神经系统和交感神经系统在膀胱充盈和排尿过程中的交替作用这一普遍观点已不再被接受。本文展示了一种关于膀胱颈关闭时所起作用机制的新的自身概念。这一概念基于膀胱出口处存在两种平滑肌系统。第一种主要由纵向排列的肌条组成，受副交感神经控制。排尿开始时其激活会打开膀胱颈。第二种由更多环形肌条组成。其激活是α-肾上腺素能的。这部分肌肉组织的收缩会导致膀胱颈关闭。当然，在正常人体静息状态下，横纹肌组织在控尿方面并不起重要作用。然而，在某些病理情况下，必须予以考虑。还必须指出的是，横纹肌尿道肌肉组织和盆底并非同步起作用。
