Johnston W S, Maclachlan G K, Murray I S
Vet Rec. 1980 Mar 15;106(11):238-40. doi: 10.1136/vr.106.11.238.
A three year survey on sheep deaths and their causes was conducted on 10 commercial farms in the north of Scotland. Diseases and other trauma associated with the perinatal period accounted for 56.81% of all ewe deaths, while pneumonia, parasitic gastroenteritis, torsion of the bowel and haemorrhagic enteritis (redgut) accounted for a further 21.7%. No one disease condition predominated in the rams and hoggs. In lambs, most deaths occurred between birth and four days old (77.86%). Causes came in the form of starvation and exposure (34.2%), stillbirths (18.2%), lambing injuries (11.06%), infectious conditions (8.0%), dystocia (7.6%) and abortion (5.2%). The overall death rate among the lambs was 14.2%.
在苏格兰北部的10个商业农场进行了一项为期三年的绵羊死亡及其原因的调查。围产期相关疾病和其他创伤占所有母羊死亡的56.81%，而肺炎、寄生性肠胃炎、肠扭转和出血性肠炎（红肠病）又占21.7%。公羊和青年母羊中没有一种疾病占主导。在羔羊中，大多数死亡发生在出生至4日龄之间（77.86%）。死因包括饥饿和暴露（34.2%）、死产（18.2%）、产羔损伤（11.06%）、传染病（8.0%）、难产（7.6%）和流产（5.2%）。羔羊的总体死亡率为14.2%。
