Delilkan A E, Gnanapragasam A
Anaesth Intensive Care. 1978 Nov;6(4):328-32. doi: 10.1177/0310057X7800600406.
Topic adrenaline with cocaine has been used commonly for intranasal vasoconstriction to facilitate surgery and to control haemorrhage. Pharmacologically the drug combination is known to be a potentially dangerous interaction. This investigation studied whether either drug could be used separately rather than in combination, to achieve the same purposes. One hundred cases were randomized into four groups using 1:1000 Adrenaline, 5% Cocaine, 10% Cocaine and 5% Cocaine/1:1000 Adrenaline as the topical vasoconstriction regimes. The results showed that the vasoconstrictor effect was not significantly different within the four groups; topical 1:1000 Adrenaline resulted in more haemorrhage compared to the other three regimes; comparing the other three regimes the blood loss was not significantly different. The conclusion is that the Adrenaline/Cocaine mixture has no advantage and its potentially dangerous interaction makes it unnecessary and unjustified. Topical 5% Cocaine is recommended because it achieves the aims with the least side-effects.
肾上腺素与可卡因联合使用常用于鼻内血管收缩，以利于手术操作和控制出血。从药理学角度来看，已知这种药物组合存在潜在的危险相互作用。本研究旨在探讨是否可以单独使用这两种药物而非联合使用来达到相同目的。100例患者被随机分为四组，分别采用1:1000肾上腺素、5%可卡因、10%可卡因以及5%可卡因/1:1000肾上腺素作为局部血管收缩方案。结果显示，四组之间的血管收缩效果无显著差异；与其他三种方案相比，局部使用1:1000肾上腺素导致的出血更多；比较其他三种方案，失血量无显著差异。结论是，肾上腺素/可卡因混合物并无优势，其潜在的危险相互作用使其既无必要也不合理。推荐局部使用5%可卡因，因为它能以最少的副作用实现目标。
