Burke M D
Postgrad Med. 1980 Jun;67(6):77-81, 84-5. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1980.11715471.
Although surgically correctable causes account for relatively few cases of hypertension, laboratory investigation is warranted if clinical clues are present. Pheochromocytoma, which triggers hypertension by producing excess catecholamines, can be identified by detecting metabolites of these substances in urine. An abnormal intravenous pyelogram suggests renovascular hypertension, but for definitive diagnosis, bilateral renal vein renin measurements are necessary. In primary aldosteronism, with its characteristic hypokalemia, serum potassium determination remains the most feasible, if not the most accurate, detection method.
虽然可通过手术矫正的病因导致的高血压病例相对较少，但如果有临床线索，仍需进行实验室检查。嗜铬细胞瘤通过产生过量儿茶酚胺引发高血压，可通过检测尿液中这些物质的代谢产物来识别。静脉肾盂造影异常提示肾血管性高血压，但要明确诊断，需要进行双侧肾静脉肾素测定。在原发性醛固酮增多症中，其特征性表现为低钾血症，血清钾测定仍是最可行的检测方法，即便不是最准确的。
