Schuckit M A
Biol Psychiatry. 1980 Jun;15(3):437-47.
This paper attempts to make a limited number of points: First, there are enough data indicating a probable genetic propensity in alcoholism to justify prospective studies. Second, such studies are a logical way to attempt to differentiate between factors which predispose an individual towards alcoholism and those biological and psychological changes which result from many years of heavy drinking. Third, this type of approach can be used in biological, psychological, or sociological spheres. Because this type of research is relatively expensive and time-consuming, we have attempted to gather information on as many relevant factors as possible, making our final decision about which specific factors are to be tested through a balance of how much sense they make, how easy they are to test, and how well they combine into a test battery. Our present study will not answer questions definitively but will help point us towards those investigations in the future which are most likely to pay off. Other investigators are encouraged to use a similar approach.
第一，有足够的数据表明酗酒可能存在遗传倾向，这足以证明开展前瞻性研究的合理性。第二，此类研究是一种合理的方式，有助于区分使个体易患酗酒的因素与多年大量饮酒导致的生物和心理变化。第三，这种研究方法可应用于生物学、心理学或社会学领域。由于此类研究相对昂贵且耗时，我们试图收集尽可能多的相关因素信息，通过综合考量各因素的合理性、测试难易程度以及它们组合成测试组的效果，来最终决定测试哪些特定因素。我们目前的研究无法明确回答问题，但将有助于为我们指明未来最有可能取得成果的研究方向。鼓励其他研究人员采用类似方法。
