Pinto J G
J Biomech Eng. 1980 Feb;102(1):62-6. doi: 10.1115/1.3138200.
Measurements of segmental deformation made on papillary muscles obtained from cat, rabbit, dog and pig hearts suggest that the deformational behavior in these specimens is appreciably nonuniform both in the resting (passive) state and in the stimulated (active) state. In view of this, in the mechanical testing of papillary muscles, it is necessary to establish a minimum size of segment "sufficiently" far from the disturbing influence of end fixtures generally used to hold the specimen in the testing machine. The segment size should be large enough to average out the nonuniform aspects of deformation. Thus, the shape and size of the specimen dictated by the nonuniformities in the mechanical response, the thinness of the specimen dictated by the viability considerations and aspects of the testing machines and method dictated by the visco-elastic features of the specimen should be given due consideration in the selection and testing of papillary muscles.
对取自猫、兔、狗和猪心脏的乳头肌进行的节段变形测量表明，这些标本在静息（被动）状态和受刺激（主动）状态下的变形行为均明显不均匀。鉴于此，在乳头肌的力学测试中，有必要确定一个节段的最小尺寸，该尺寸要“足够”远离通常用于在测试机中固定标本的端部固定装置的干扰影响。节段尺寸应足够大，以平均变形的不均匀方面。因此，在选择和测试乳头肌时，应适当考虑由力学响应不均匀性决定的标本形状和尺寸、由活力考虑因素决定的标本厚度以及由标本粘弹性特征决定的测试机和方法的各个方面。
