Greenberg M I, Roberts J R, Baskin S I
Ann Emerg Med. 1980 Jun;9(6):289-92. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(80)80060-6.
In an emergency, intravenous access may be difficult to obtain rapidly. Alternate routes of administration for drugs are, therefore, desirable. Our study was performed to determine if naloxone could be efficacious in reversing morphine-induced respiratory depression in rabbits when administered using the endotracheal route. Our results indicate that naloxone administered in this fashion is effective in reversing morphine-induced respiratory depression in the rabbit. Mean minute ventilation was depressed to greater than half of resting baseline levels using morphine sulfate. Endotracheally administered naloxone reversed this respiratory depression and resulted in a greater than five-fold increase in mean minute ventilation above baseline levels. We concluded that endotracheal naloxone is efficacious in reversing morphine-induced respiratory depression in the rabbit. The endotracheal route may be an effective alternative for naloxone administration in man when rapid intravenous access is not obtainable.
在紧急情况下，可能难以迅速建立静脉通路。因此，药物的替代给药途径是可取的。我们进行这项研究是为了确定当通过气管内途径给药时，纳洛酮是否能有效逆转吗啡引起的家兔呼吸抑制。我们的结果表明，以这种方式给药的纳洛酮可有效逆转家兔吗啡引起的呼吸抑制。使用硫酸吗啡时，平均每分钟通气量降至静息基线水平的一半以上。气管内给予纳洛酮可逆转这种呼吸抑制，并使平均每分钟通气量比基线水平增加五倍以上。我们得出结论，气管内给予纳洛酮可有效逆转家兔吗啡引起的呼吸抑制。当无法迅速建立静脉通路时，气管内途径可能是人类给予纳洛酮的有效替代途径。
