Petković S
Eur Urol. 1980;6(5):289-92. doi: 10.1159/000473356.
Renal vein invastion (great renal veins and vena cava) does not give such a bad prognosis in renal neoplasia. We could even say that this fact is relatively irrelevant for the prognosis but nevertheless signifies an extracapsular stage of renal tumor with the destiny under question. Lymph node invasion cannot be satisfactorily classified only as N+ and NO as proposed by UICC. The author proposed the classification from N1 to N4 as we must distinguish some stages in lymph node invasion of a renal neoplasm. The very distinct difference is if we have a case with invasion of only some nodes (1--5 in number) or we have a very large invasion making a pack around the great vessels (cava and aorta). In the first group we can have a fairly good prognosis (37% surviving 5 years or more), but in the second group the survival is very low (2%).
肾静脉侵犯（肾大静脉和腔静脉）在肾肿瘤中并非预示着如此糟糕的预后。我们甚至可以说，这一事实对预后的影响相对较小，但它仍然表明肾肿瘤处于包膜外阶段，其转归尚不确定。淋巴结侵犯不能仅像国际抗癌联盟（UICC）所提议的那样简单地分为N+和N0。作者提出了从N1到N4的分类方法，因为我们必须区分肾肿瘤淋巴结侵犯的一些阶段。非常明显的区别在于，是仅有部分淋巴结受到侵犯（数量为1至5个），还是有非常广泛的侵犯，在大血管（腔静脉和主动脉）周围形成一团。在第一组中，预后可能相当不错（37%的患者存活5年或更长时间），但在第二组中，存活率非常低（2%）。
