Roberts P E, Willis J H
J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1980 Apr;56:107-23.
Juvenile hormone (JH), ecdysterone and some antibiotics cause Tenebrio molitor to form a second pupa or pupal-adult intermediate. Incorporation of labelled leucine into the cuticular proteins of JH-induced second pupae did not differ from incorporation in normal pupae, and the soluble cuticular proteins from these young second pupae were indentical to those extracted from normal pupal exocuticle when analysed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. However, as these second pupae aged, the major early bands did not undergo a normal decrease in staining intensity, indicating a JH effect on protein insolubilization (sclerotization). The transport of protein into the cuticle may also have been altered by JH; electrophoretic analysis of the new cuticle of treated animals showed intense staining of bands with RF's similar to those of blood proteins. The new exocuticle produced after treatment of pupae with ecdysterone had soluble proteins which were typical of normal pupae, but extracts from such animals aged prior to cuticle removal yielded bands characteristic of normal adults. Pupae treated with actinomycin D occasionally form new abdominal cuticle with characteristic pupal morphology. These cuticles yielded soluble proteins which, upon analysis, had pupal, pupal and adult, or adult banding patterns. Animals treated with mitomycin C, although retaining vestiges of pupal abdominal characters, had adult cuticular proteins.
保幼激素（JH）、蜕皮甾酮和一些抗生素会导致黄粉虫形成第二个蛹或蛹 - 成虫中间体。标记的亮氨酸掺入JH诱导的第二个蛹的表皮蛋白中的情况与掺入正常蛹中的情况没有差异，并且当通过SDS - 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析时，这些年轻的第二个蛹的可溶性表皮蛋白与从正常蛹外表皮中提取的蛋白相同。然而，随着这些第二个蛹的老化，主要的早期条带在染色强度上并没有正常下降，这表明JH对蛋白质不溶性化（硬化）有影响。JH也可能改变了蛋白质向表皮的转运；对经处理动物的新表皮进行电泳分析显示，具有与血蛋白相似迁移率（RF）的条带染色强烈。用蜕皮甾酮处理蛹后产生的新外表皮具有正常蛹典型的可溶性蛋白，但在去除表皮之前老化的此类动物的提取物产生了正常成虫特有的条带。用放线菌素D处理的蛹偶尔会形成具有典型蛹形态的新腹部表皮。这些表皮产生的可溶性蛋白经分析具有蛹、蛹和成虫或成虫的条带模式。用丝裂霉素C处理的动物虽然保留了蛹腹部特征的痕迹，但具有成虫表皮蛋白。
