Forsythe M, Rothman R H
Orthop Clin North Am. 1978 Oct;9(4):1039-51.
Of the three major areas of the spinal column, the cervical spine is least commonly infected; approximately 3 to 5 per cent of all spinal infections involve the cervical spine. Tuberculous, pyogenic, fungal, and parasitic infections may involve the cervical spine and occur in this order of decreasing frequency. Difficulty in differential diagnosis most commonly involves tumor. Fungal and parasitic infections of the cervical spine are extremely rare, but fungal infections have been increasing over the past three decades. Clinical suspicion, radiologic examination, and definitive diagnosis via tissue biopsy are necessary so that definitive procedures can be instituted. Specific antibiotic coverage, surgery to facilitate the body's defenses and antibiotic penetration, and stabilization of the spine are the most important therapeutic measures to be instituted.
在脊柱的三个主要区域中，颈椎感染最为少见；所有脊柱感染中约有3%至5%累及颈椎。结核、化脓性、真菌性和寄生虫感染都可能累及颈椎，且发生频率依次降低。鉴别诊断的困难最常涉及肿瘤。颈椎的真菌和寄生虫感染极为罕见，但在过去三十年中真菌感染呈上升趋势。临床怀疑、影像学检查以及通过组织活检进行明确诊断很有必要，以便能够采取确定性治疗措施。使用特定抗生素、通过手术促进机体防御及抗生素渗透以及脊柱固定是最重要的治疗措施。
